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Обычно возникает через 2–4 дня после резкого отказа от алкоголя или значимого снижения дозы [4](https://klinika-promed.ru/stati/chem-otlichaetsya-belaya-goryachka-ot-alkogolnogo-psihoza/)[5](https://torpedo-med.ru/stati/alkogolnyij-delirij/). \n\n**Опасность для жизни**: без вовремя начатого лечения в тяжёлых случаях может привести к летальному исходу из-за сердечно-сосудистых нарушений, судорог, травм или ошибок поведения [4](https://klinika-promed.ru/stati/chem-otlichaetsya-belaya-goryachka-ot-alkogolnogo-psihoza/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nГлавная причина — **хроническая алкогольная зависимость** [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/)[6](https://AlkoSpas.ru/diseases/alkogolnyj-delirij/). Состояние развивается у людей, которые много лет систематически употребляют большое количество алкоголя [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/). \n\n**Факторы риска**: \n* наследственная предрасположенность [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/); \n* черепно-мозговые травмы в анамнезе [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/); \n* нейроинфекции, органические поражения головного мозга [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/); \n* заболевания психической сферы [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/); \n* употребление суррогатов алкоголя [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/). \n\n**Важно**: делирий развивается не в момент опьянения, а после отказа от спиртного [6](https://AlkoSpas.ru/diseases/alkogolnyj-delirij/).\n\n## Симптомы\n**Некоторые симптомы алкогольного делирия**: \n* **Галлюцинации** (зрительные, слуховые, тактильные) — человек видит и слышит то, чего нет [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/)[10](https://dr-kalyuzhnaya.ru/stati/alkogolnyj-delirij). \n* **Бред и паранойя** — больному кажется, что его хотят убить, обокрасть или он находится в опасности [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/). \n* **Тремор и судороги** — сильная дрожь в руках, ногах, лице, в тяжёлых случаях — эпилептические припадки [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/). \n* **Высокая температура** (до 40°C), потливость, тахикардия [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/). \n* **Дезориентация и потеря памяти** — человек не понимает, где находится, не узнаёт близких, путает время и даты [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/). \n\n**Средняя продолжительность** состояния — 3–5 дней, в тяжёлых случаях — до двух недель [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/).\n\n## Первая помощь\n**При подозрении на алкогольный делирий необходимо немедленно обратиться к психиатру-наркологу** [2](https://xn--g1ajj1a.xn--p1ai/articles/belaya-goryachka/). **До приезда скорой помощи** можно принять меры для безопасности пациента и окружающих [5](https://torpedo-med.ru/stati/alkogolnyij-delirij/): \n* не оставлять одного — в бреду человек может выпрыгнуть из окна, нанести себе травмы или причинить вред другим [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/); \n* убрать опасные предметы (ножницы, стёкла, лекарства) [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/); \n* попытаться уложить в постель, но не применять силу — это может усилить агрессию [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/); \n* давать воду, но **не алкоголь** (миф о том, что «опохмел» помогает — опасная ложь!) [1](https://mcdoverie.ru/press-tsent/articles/alkogolnyy-deliriy-kak-raspoznat-i-spasti-blizkogo-cheloveka/).\n\n## Лечение\n**Алкогольный делирий лечат в стационаре** — самостоятельное лечение дома или амбулаторно категорически недопустимо, угрожает жизни пациента [13](https://voronezh-narcology.ru/about/stati/alkogolnyj-delirij/). **Терапия** направлена на купирование острых симптомов, восстановление водно-солевого равновесия, предотвращение осложнённого течения [13](https://voronezh-narcology.ru/about/stati/alkogolnyj-delirij/). \n\n**После делирия** необходима длительная реабилитация, включающая физическое и психологическое восстановления [13](https://voronezh-narcology.ru/about/stati/alkogolnyj-delirij/). 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