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Впервые описано в 1961 году японским педиатром Томисаку Кавасаки [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/). \n\n**Возникает преимущественно у детей** в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 5 лет, причём мальчики болеют несколько чаще девочек [5](https://medlineservice.ru/articles/bolezn-kavasaki/). У детей старшего возраста и взрослых болезнь встречается крайне редко [5](https://medlineservice.ru/articles/bolezn-kavasaki/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\n**Точные причины возникновения болезни Кавасаки не установлены** [6](https://mc21.ru/articles/sindrom-kavasaki/). Существует несколько теорий [6](https://mc21.ru/articles/sindrom-kavasaki/): \n* **Генетическая предрасположенность** — определённые гены повышают риск развития патологии [6](https://mc21.ru/articles/sindrom-kavasaki/). \n* **Инфекционные агенты** — триггером болезни выступают некоторые вирусы или бактерии [6](https://mc21.ru/articles/sindrom-kavasaki/). \n* **Аутоиммунные процессы** — болезнь — результат нарушения работы иммунитета, при котором иммунные клетки ошибочно атакуют собственные ткани организма, приводя к воспалению стенок сосудов [6](https://mc21.ru/articles/sindrom-kavasaki/). \n* **Влияние окружающей среды** — некоторые исследователи предполагают, что определённые факторы окружающей среды, такие как загрязнение воздуха или контакт с токсичными веществами, повышают риск развития болезни у генетически предрасположенных детей [6](https://mc21.ru/articles/sindrom-kavasaki/).\n\n## Симптомы\n**Некоторые проявления болезни Кавасаки**: \n* высокая температура (до 40 °С и выше), лихорадка (более 5 дней) [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/sindrom-kavasaki); \n* покраснение и уплотнение подошв и ладоней [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/); \n* болезненные отёки конечностей, затрудняющие их движение [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/); \n* сыпь на коже различной формы, как правило, красного или фиолетового цвета, с локализацией на туловище, в паховой области, плечах и верхней части бёдер [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/); \n* увеличение шейных лимфоузлов, как правило, с одной стороны, с диаметром не менее полутора сантиметров [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/). \n\n**При отсутствии адекватного лечения** болезнь Кавасаки может привести к серьёзным осложнениям: аневризмам коронарных артерий, инфаркту миокарда, сердечной недостаточности и другим [4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/sindrom-kavasaki).\n\n## Диагностика\n**Для постановки диагноза** большое значение имеют основные клинические критерии: лихорадка не менее 5 дней и как минимум четыре из пяти характерных признаков [5](https://medlineservice.ru/articles/bolezn-kavasaki/). Могут потребоваться также лабораторные исследования крови, мочи, ЭКГ и УЗИ сердца [2](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/mother/health/bolezn-kavasaki).\n\n## Лечение\n**Основная цель лечения** — подавить воспалительную реакцию и минимизировать риск возникновения сердечных осложнений, в первую очередь — аневризм коронарных артерий [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/). \n\n**Некоторые медикаментозные средства**: \n* **Ацетилсалициловая кислота (аспирин)** — снижает риск возникновения тромбов и оказывает противовоспалительное действие [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/). \n* **Иммуноглобулин** — купирует воспалительные изменения в сосудах [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/). \n* **Антикоагулянты** — назначаются при диагностированной аневризме сосудов для профилактики образования тромбов [1](https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/). \n\n**Самостоятельно принимать медикаменты или отменять то, что назначил врач, недопустимо** — это может стать причиной серьёзных осложнений [2](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/mother/health/bolezn-kavasaki).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/","shownUrl":"https://centerclinic.ru/about/medsprav/b/bolezn-kavasaki/","title":"Болезнь Кавасаки | Медсправочник. 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