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гломерулонефрит** [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/): \n* **Острый** — внезапное начало, нередко связанное с предшествующей инфекцией [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/). \n* **Хронический** — развивается постепенно, зачастую является следствием не до конца вылеченного острого процесса [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/). Характеризуется прогрессирующим ухудшением функции почек, что может привести к почечной недостаточности [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nВ большинстве случаев гломерулонефрит имеет иммунную природу — воспаление возникает из-за отложения иммунных комплексов в почечных клубочках [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/). В редких случаях воспалительный процесс может быть вызван токсическими веществами или другими факторами [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/). \n\nРазличают **первичный** гломерулонефрит — возникает как самостоятельное заболевание, и **вторичный** — развивается на фоне системных заболеваний, таких как системная красная волчанка, сахарный диабет или васкулиты [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/).\n\n## Симптомы\nНекоторые признаки гломерулонефрита: \n* отёки, особенно в области лица и конечностей [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/); \n* повышение артериального давления [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/); \n* изменение окраски мочи — она приобретает тёмный оттенок из-за наличия крови [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/); \n* увеличение концентрации белка, выделяемого с мочой (протеинурия) [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/); \n* уменьшение объёма выделяемой мочи (олигурия) [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/); \n* чувство общей слабости, повышенная утомляемость [1](https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/). \n\nПри хроническом гломерулонефрите клиническая картина стёртая, выраженных симптомов нет [3](https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/zabolevaniya/glomerunefrit).\n\n## Диагностика\nДиагноз ставится на основании клинической картины и результатов лабораторных анализов крови и мочи [4](https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/). В некоторых случаях для подтверждения диагноза назначается пункционная биопсия почек [4](https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/).\n\n## Лечение\nЛечение гломерулонефрита симптоматическое [4](https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/). Например: \n* при повышенном давлении — приём гипотензивных препаратов [4](https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/); \n* при отёках — диуретиков, ограничение жидкости и диета [4](https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/). \n\nПри наличии инфекционного заболевания, ставшего причиной развития гломерулонефрита, применяется антибактериальная терапия [4](https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/). \n\n**Без лечения** гломерулонефрит может вызвать хроническую почечную недостаточность [4](https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/","shownUrl":"https://gutaclinic.ru/articles/chto-takoe-glomerulonefrit-kto-lechit/","title":"Гломерулонефрит: диагностика и лечение в ГУТА КЛИНИК под наблюдением опытных нефрологов","shortUrl":"gutaclinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"gutaclinic.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://www.medicina.ru/patsientam/zabolevanija/glomerulonefrit/","shownUrl":"https://www.medicina.ru/patsientam/zabolevanija/glomerulonefrit/","title":"Гломерулонефрит: симптомы, лечение, диагностика у детей и взрослых","shortUrl":"medicina.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"medicina.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/zabolevaniya/glomerunefrit","shownUrl":"https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/zabolevaniya/glomerunefrit","title":"Гломерулонефрит: что это, симптомы, клинические рекомендации, лечение у детей и взрослых","shortUrl":"smclinic-spb.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"smclinic-spb.ru"},{"sourceId":4,"url":"https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/","shownUrl":"https://www.labstori.ru/book/glomerulonefrit/","title":"Гломерулонефрит: описание, симптомы, диагностика и лечение | ЛабСтори","shortUrl":"labstori.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"labstori.ru"},{"sourceId":5,"url":"https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases/glomerulonefrit/","shownUrl":"https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases/glomerulonefrit/","title":"Гломерулонефрит – причины, симптомы, формы, диагностика и лечение заболевания у взрослых | Клиника «Будь Здоров»","shortUrl":"klinikabudzdorov.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"klinikabudzdorov.ru"},{"sourceId":6,"url":"https://mc21.ru/articles/glomerulonefrit/","shownUrl":"https://mc21.ru/articles/glomerulonefrit/","title":"Гломерулонефрит: лечение, рекомендации, основные правила по восстановлению почек","shortUrl":"mc21.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"mc21.ru"},{"sourceId":7,"url":"https://www.invitro.ru/library/bolezni/28325/","shownUrl":"https://www.invitro.ru/library/bolezni/28325/","title":"Гломерулонефрит - 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