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В результате поступление крови к определённому отделу мозга уменьшается или полностью прекращается, что приводит к гибели клеток [1](https://locmr.ru/articles/ishemicheskiy-insult/)[10](https://reamed.su/media/articles/chto-takoe-ishemicheskiy-insult-golovnogo-mozga/). \n\nРасстройство кровообращения может наступить внезапно, в любое время суток [1](https://locmr.ru/articles/ishemicheskiy-insult/). Возникает как отдельный эпизод сосудистого заболевания или в результате ухудшения проходимости сосудов [1](https://locmr.ru/articles/ishemicheskiy-insult/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nНекоторые причины ишемического инсульта: \n* **Атеросклероз** — на стенках артерий откладывается холестерин, что со временем приводит к сужению просвета или полной закупорке [6](https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/zabolevaniya/ishemicheskij-insult)[9](https://Uniclinic.ru/blog/ishemicheskiy-insult-simptomy-lechenie-i-reabilitatsiya.html). \n* **Тромб** — сгусток крови, который может оторваться и закупорить артерию, идущую к мозгу [10](https://reamed.su/media/articles/chto-takoe-ishemicheskiy-insult-golovnogo-mozga/). \n* **Воспаление сосуда** — воспалительный процесс провоцирует закупорку сосудистого просвета [10](https://reamed.su/media/articles/chto-takoe-ishemicheskiy-insult-golovnogo-mozga/). \n\nИшемический инсульт не самостоятельное заболевание, а лишь один из этапов прогрессирующего локального или общего поражения сосудов при патологиях сердечно-сосудистой системы [6](https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/zabolevaniya/ishemicheskij-insult).\n\n## Симптомы\nПроявления ишемического инсульта разнообразны и зависят от локализации участка с нарушенным кровотоком и его объёма [9](https://Uniclinic.ru/blog/ishemicheskiy-insult-simptomy-lechenie-i-reabilitatsiya.html). Некоторые симптомы: \n* **Очаговые** — нарушения движения, чувствительности, речи, координации, зрения [11](https://ProBolezny.ru/insult-ishemicheskiy/). \n* **Общемозговые** — нарушение сознания, тошнота, рвота, головная боль [11](https://ProBolezny.ru/insult-ishemicheskiy/). \n\nПри появлении первых симптомов следует вызвать скорую помощь [11](https://ProBolezny.ru/insult-ishemicheskiy/).\n\n## Диагностика\nДля диагностики ишемического инсульта используют, например: \n* **Неврологический осмотр** — уточняется состояние и уровень сознания, проводится топическая диагностика очаговых повреждений мозга [13](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82). \n* **Ангиографию** — визуализацию сосудов головного мозга, позволяет найти место закупорки кровеносного сосуда [12](https://gemotest.ru/info/spravochnik/zabolevaniya/insult/). \n* **Магнитно-резонансную или компьютерную томографию** — для визуализации состояния сосудов мозга [4](https://fnkc-fmba.ru/zabolevaniya/infarkt-mozga-ishemicheskiy-insult/)[13](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82).\n\n## Лечение\n**Важно как можно скорее начать лечение** — при ишемическом инсульте у врачей есть 4,5 часа (так называемое «терапевтическое окно»), чтобы восстановить проходимость сосуда и спасти часть поражённой зоны головного мозга [9](https://Uniclinic.ru/blog/ishemicheskiy-insult-simptomy-lechenie-i-reabilitatsiya.html). \n\nЛечение может быть консервативным (нехирургическим) и хирургическим [9](https://Uniclinic.ru/blog/ishemicheskiy-insult-simptomy-lechenie-i-reabilitatsiya.html). 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