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В результате ткани страдают от кислородного голодания, появляются боли, повышенная утомляемость [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). \n\nОсновная опасность болезни — **прогрессирование**: от лёгкого дискомфорта при ходьбе до развития язв и гангрены [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). Диагностикой и лечением заболевания занимается сердечно-сосудистый хирург (ангиохирург) [3](https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/ishemiya-nizhnikh-konechnostey/)[9](https://xn----7sbbnetodge4bn.xn--p1ai/diseases/ishemiya-nizhnikh-konechnostey/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nГлавная причина — **сужение или закупорка артерий ног** [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). Наиболее часто это связано с **атеросклерозом**: на внутренней поверхности сосудов откладываются холестерин и жироподобные вещества, которые образуют бляшки, которые растут и постепенно уменьшают просвет артерии [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). \n\nДругие причины: хронические воспалительные процессы в сосудах (васкулиты), осложнения сахарного диабета, травмы (переломы или сильные ушибы) [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/).\n\n## Симптомы\nНекоторые характерные проявления ишемии нижних конечностей: \n* **Боль при ходьбе (перемежающаяся хромота)** — при прохождении определённого расстояния (например, 200–500 метров) появляется боль, тяжесть или судороги в икроножных мышцах [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). Человек вынужден остановиться и немного отдохнуть, после чего боль проходит, но при продолжении движения она возвращается [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). \n* **Ощущение холода и онемения** — стопы мёрзнут даже в тёплом помещении, кожа постоянно холодная на ощупь [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). Могут возникать покалывание, чувство «ползания мурашек», снижение чувствительности пальцев [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). \n* **Изменения кожи и ногтей** — на фоне хронической нехватки кислорода кожа становится бледной, иногда приобретает синюшный оттенок [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). Волосы на голенях постепенно выпадают, а ногти становятся тонкими, ломкими, растут очень медленно [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/). \n* **Медленное заживление ран** — даже небольшие порезы или ссадины на стопах и пальцах заживают плохо, часто нагнаиваются [1](https://clinic-abc.ru/serdechno-sosudistaya-hirurgiya/ishemiya-nizhnix-konechnostej/).\n\n## Диагностика\nДля диагностики ишемии нижних конечностей используют, например: \n* **Ультразвуковое дуплексное сканирование** — позволяет оценить анатомию сосудов, параметры кровотока и степень сужения артерий [2](https://mediona.ru/services/flebologiya/ishemiya-nizhnikh-konechnostey/). \n* **КТ-ангиографию** — назначается для уточнения анатомии поражения, является необходимым методом исследования перед планированием оперативного вмешательства [2](https://mediona.ru/services/flebologiya/ishemiya-nizhnikh-konechnostey/).\n\n## Лечение\nТактика лечения зависит от стадии болезни [6](https://www.SCZ.ru/hospital/serdechno-sosudistaya-khirurgiya/khronicheskaya-ishemiya-nizhnikh-konechnostey-khink-lechenie/). 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