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Седалищный нерв — самый длинный и крупный нерв человека, начинается в пояснично-крестцовом отделе позвоночника, проходит через ягодицу и заднюю поверхность бедра, голени и стопы [2](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nИшиас возникает из-за сдавления седалищного нерва на каком-либо его участке, чаще всего в месте выхода из позвоночного канала и в тазовой полости [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). Некоторые причины: \n* межпозвонковая грыжа [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias)[3](https://mz-clinic.ru/bolezni/nervous-system/ishias/); \n* неправильное расположение позвонков после их перелома [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias); \n* кисты и опухоли позвоночника [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias); \n* артроз межпозвонковых суставов [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias); \n* острое и хроническое воспаление мягких тканей вокруг седалищного нерва [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias); \n* спазм мышц, окружающих седалищный нерв [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias); \n* беременность [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias).\n\n## Симптомы\n**Основной симптом** — внезапный болевой приступ, который возникает вскоре после действия провоцирующего фактора [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). Характеристики боли: ноющая или острая, простреливающая, локализована в пояснице, ягодицах или задней поверхности бедра и голени, чаще односторонняя [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). Длительность болевого приступа варьируется от нескольких десятков минут до суток [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). \n\n**Признаки повреждения чувствительных и двигательных волокон нерва**: онемение и жжение кожи, покалывание, мурашки в ногах, нарушение температурной чувствительности, слабость мышц, неуверенность походки [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias).\n\n## Диагностика\n**Диагностика ишиаса проводится неврологом, ортопедом или вертебрологом** [2](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/). Некоторые методы: \n* **Сбор анамнеза** — уточнение характера боли, её распространения, факторов, усиливающих или ослабляющих симптомы [2](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/). \n* **Физикальное обследование** — оценка мышечной силы, чувствительности, сухожильных рефлексов, тесты на натяжение седалищного нерва [2](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/). \n* **Инструментальные исследования** — МРТ пояснично-крестцового отдела позвоночника, УЗИ органов малого таза, электронейромиография (ЭНМГ) — при стойком онемении или слабости для уточнения уровня поражения нерва [2](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/). \n* **Лабораторные анализы крови** — при необходимости исключить системные воспалительные или инфекционные процессы [2](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/).\n\n## Лечение\n**Лечение ишиаса заключается в прекращении болевого приступа и устранении причин ущемления седалищного нерва** [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). Некоторые методы: \n* **Медикаментозная терапия** — нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты, анальгетики, витамины группы В [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). При обострении лекарства вводят внутримышечно, а при сильной боли показаны новокаиновые блокады [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). \n* **Физиопроцедуры** — назначают во время обострения для снятия боли и воспаления [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). Показаны магнитотерапия, УВЧ, лазерная терапия, электрофорез [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). \n* **Лечебный массаж** — помогает устранить мышечный спазм, уменьшить боли [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). Процедуру следует делать после снятия острого приступа ишиаса, а также в периоды ремиссии [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). \n* **ЛФК** — показана вне обострения для укрепления мышц и связок позвоночника, профилактики болевых приступов [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). Комплекс упражнений составляет врач ЛФК, пациент занимается самостоятельно или с инструктором [1](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias). \n\n**В тяжёлых случаях** может быть рекомендовано оперативное вмешательство [17](https://tkachevclinic.ru/tpost/y2rze3t341-zaschemlenie-sedalischnogo-nerva-simptom).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias","shownUrl":"https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/ishias","title":"Ишиас — Сеть МЦ «Доктор Боголюбов» в Балашихе","shortUrl":"bogolubov.center","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"bogolubov.center"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/","shownUrl":"https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/ishias/","title":"Как избавиться от боли и вылечить ишиас | Как лечить заболевания и избавиться от симптомов","shortUrl":"cmrt.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"cmrt.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://mz-clinic.ru/bolezni/nervous-system/ishias/","shownUrl":"https://mz-clinic.ru/bolezni/nervous-system/ishias/","title":"Ишиас (воспаление седалищного нерва): симптомы, причины, диагностика, лечение","shortUrl":"mz-clinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"mz-clinic.ru"},{"sourceId":4,"url":"https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/nevrologia/ishias","shownUrl":"https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/nevrologia/ishias","title":"Симптомы и лечение ишиаса - что это за болезнь?","shortUrl":"VIDAL.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"VIDAL.ru"},{"sourceId":5,"url":"https://www.starclinic.ru/zabolevaniya-i-lechenie/vospalenie-sedalishchnogo-nerva/","shownUrl":"https://www.starclinic.ru/zabolevaniya-i-lechenie/vospalenie-sedalishchnogo-nerva/","title":"Воспаление седалищного нерва - причины, симптомы, лечение","shortUrl":"starclinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"starclinic.ru"},{"sourceId":6,"url":"https://euromed.academy/nevrologiya-v-moskve/ishias/prichiny-ishiasa","shownUrl":"https://euromed.academy/nevrologiya-v-moskve/ishias/prichiny-ishiasa","title":"Причины ишиаса","shortUrl":"euromed.academy","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"euromed.academy"},{"sourceId":7,"url":"https://doct.ru/diseases/ushchemlenie_sedalishchnogo_nerva.html","shownUrl":"https://doct.ru/diseases/ushchemlenie_sedalishchnogo_nerva.html","title":"Ишиас седалищного нерва - лечение воспаления, симптомы","shortUrl":"doct.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"doct.ru"},{"sourceId":8,"url":"https://newneuro.ru/ishias-simptomy-vidy-i-lechenie/","shownUrl":"https://newneuro.ru/ishias-simptomy-vidy-i-lechenie/","title":"Что такое ишиас и какие виды существуют. 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