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Это происходит из-за нарушения баланса между защитными механизмами слизистой и агрессивным воздействием желудочного сока [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). Для болезни характерны периоды обострений и ремиссий [2](https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/yazvennaya-bolezn-zheludka-i-dvenadtsatiperstnoy-kishki/). \n\nЛечением язвы желудка занимается терапевт или гастроэнтеролог [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/)[15](https://ProBolezny.ru/yazva-zheludka/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nОсновная причина — **инфекция Helicobacter pylori** [3](https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/yazva-zheludka/)[9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). Бактерия разрушает защитный слизистый слой, делая его уязвимым для кислоты [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). \n\nТакже возникновению язвы способствуют: \n* генетическая предрасположенность [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/); \n* приём лекарств (нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов, анальгетиков) [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/); \n* курение, злоупотребление алкоголем [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/); \n* эмоциональное напряжение [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/); \n* особенности питания — употребление жареной пищи и фастфуда [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/).\n\n## Симптомы\n**Боль** — основной симптом, возникает в верхней части живота, может ослабевать или усиливаться сразу после еды или спустя некоторое время (зависит от локализации язвы) [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). \n\n**Другие признаки**: \n* тошнота, рвота [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/); \n* изжога [3](https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/yazva-zheludka/); \n* чувство тяжести в животе после приёма пищи [11](https://www.gosmed.ru/lechebnaya-deyatelnost/spravochnik-zabolevaniy/gastroenterologiya-bolezny/yazvennaya-bolezn-zheludka-ili-dvenadtsatiperstnoy-kishki/); \n* плохой аппетит [11](https://www.gosmed.ru/lechebnaya-deyatelnost/spravochnik-zabolevaniy/gastroenterologiya-bolezny/yazvennaya-bolezn-zheludka-ili-dvenadtsatiperstnoy-kishki/). \n\n**Осложнения**: кровотечение, перфорация (формирование сквозного дефекта) стенки органа, пенетрация язвы (её распространение на близлежащие органы) [12](https://polyclinika.ru/tech/yazva-zheludka-simptomy-lechenie-dieta-pri-obostreniyakh/).\n\n## Диагностика\n**Основной метод диагностики** — **гастроскопия (эндоскопическое исследование желудка)** [13](https://premium-clinic.ru/kak-diagnostiruetsya-yazva-zheludka/). Процедура включает введение эндоскопа через рот в желудок для визуального осмотра слизистой оболочки [13](https://premium-clinic.ru/kak-diagnostiruetsya-yazva-zheludka/). Во время гастроскопии также можно провести биопсию — взятие образцов ткани для гистологического исследования и выявления инфекции Helicobacter pylori [13](https://premium-clinic.ru/kak-diagnostiruetsya-yazva-zheludka/). \n\n**Дополнительные методы**: дыхательный тест на Helicobacter pylori, анализ кала на антигены Helicobacter pylori [13](https://premium-clinic.ru/kak-diagnostiruetsya-yazva-zheludka/).\n\n## Лечение\n**Терапия направлена на устранение симптомов и ускорение заживления язвы** [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). Некоторые методы лечения: \n* **Диета** — рекомендуется ограничить употребление блюд, которые усиливают выработку желудочного сока (жареная, острая и солёная пища), исключить холодные и горячие блюда [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). \n* **Медикаментозная терапия** — назначают антибиотики для ликвидации Helicobacter pylori, а также препараты для снижения кислотности желудочного сока и защиты слизистой оболочки [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). \n* **Хирургическое лечение** — показано при осложнениях язвенной болезни или при неэффективности медикаментозной терапии [9](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/yazva_zheludka/). \n\n**Самолечение** язвенной болезни не эффективно и опасно [16](https://DobroMed.ru/uslugi/lechenie-yazvennoj-bolezni-zheludka-i-dv.html).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://www.ldck.ru/about/encyclopedia/yazva-zheludka-prichiny-simptomy-lechenie","shownUrl":"https://www.ldck.ru/about/encyclopedia/yazva-zheludka-prichiny-simptomy-lechenie","title":"Что такое язва желудка - симптомы, причны и лечение язвы желудка | ЛДЦ Кутузовский","shortUrl":"ldck.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"ldck.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/yazvennaya-bolezn-zheludka-i-dvenadtsatiperstnoy-kishki/","shownUrl":"https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/yazvennaya-bolezn-zheludka-i-dvenadtsatiperstnoy-kishki/","title":"Язва желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки — диагностика и лечение в «СМ-Клиника» | Признаки, симптомы, причины язвы желудка","shortUrl":"smclinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"smclinic.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/yazva-zheludka/","shownUrl":"https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/yazva-zheludka/","title":"Язва желудка: от первых симптомов до эффективного лечения. 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