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[1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). \n* **Внешними** — проходят через стенку живота и открываются наружу, формируя фистульную трубку [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). \n\nЧаще всего кишечный свищ — не самостоятельная болезнь, а осложнение основного заболевания [2](https://www.gosmed.ru/lechebnaya-deyatelnost/spravochnik-zabolevaniy/khirurgiya-bolezny/kishechnyy-svishch/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nНекоторые причины возникновения кишечного свища: \n* **Хирургические вмешательства** на желудочно-кишечном тракте, особенно при удалении злокачественных опухолей или лечении воспалительных заболеваний кишечника [3](https://ru.ruwiki.ru/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%89). \n* **Воспалительные процессы** в брюшной полости (аппендицит, колит) [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). \n* **Травмы брюшной полости** [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). \n* **Радиационная терапия** [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). \n* **Заболевания печени и поджелудочной железы** [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). \n* **Некоторые инфекционные заболевания** (туберкулёз, сифилис) [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/).\n\n## Симптомы\nСимптомы кишечных свищей зависят от типа свища, его расположения и размера [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). Некоторые признаки: \n* боли в животе [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* вздутие живота [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* диарея [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* потеря веса [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* непереносимость определённых продуктов [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* слабость [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* лихорадка [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* тошнота и рвота [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/).\n\n## Диагностика\nДля диагностики кишечных свищей используют различные методы исследования, например: \n* рентгенографию с контрастным веществом [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* компьютерную томографию [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* ультразвуковое исследование [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/); \n* колоноскопию [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/).\n\n## Лечение\nЛечение кишечных свищей зависит от их типа, размера и локализации [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/kishechnyy-svisch/). 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