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Его работа направлена на восстановление и улучшение функций нервной системы и сопутствующих структур [10](https://oncostop.ru/services/healing/neyrokhirurgiya/).\n\n## Заболевания\nНекоторые патологии, которые лечит нейрохирург: \n* **Опухоли головного и спинного мозга** (доброкачественные и злокачественные) [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/)[6](https://medsamed.ru/news/%D1%81-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%BA-%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80.html). \n* **Травмы головы**: ушибы, внутричерепные кровоизлияния, переломы черепных костей [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Спинальные травмы**: переломы позвонков и компрессия нервных структур [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Грыжи и протрузии межпозвоночных дисков**, если они вызывают сдавление нервных корешков и приводят к боли, онемению или нарушению движений [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Аневризмы и сосудистые аномалии головного мозга** — нарушения сосудистой структуры, способные спровоцировать внутричерепное кровоизлияние [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Сужение спинномозгового канала**, часто вызывающее боль и слабость в ногах [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Эпилепсия** — в некоторых случаях, когда медикаментозное лечение неэффективно, возможна хирургическая коррекция очага эпилептической активности [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Невралгии** — например, тройничного нерва, если консервативная терапия не даёт результата [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Врождённые аномалии развития нервной системы** — такие как гидроцефалия, расщелины позвоночника и другие [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Инфекционные поражения мозговых оболочек** — абсцессы, последствия менингита или энцефалита [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/).\n\n## Диагностика\nДля точного выявления патологий нейрохирурги используют комплекс диагностических методов [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). Некоторые из них: \n* **Магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ)** — позволяет визуализировать мягкие ткани головного и спинного мозга, обнаружить опухоли, воспалительные процессы, сосудистые аномалии, грыжи [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/)[8](https://dkolumb.ru/obsledovanie-u-neyrohirurga-kakie-analizy-i-issledovaniya-nuzhny/). \n* **Компьютерная томография (КТ)** — применяется для оперативной оценки состояния головного мозга при травмах, внутричерепных кровоизлияниях и переломах костей черепа, а также для выявления объёмных образований [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). \n* **Ангиографическое исследование сосудов мозга и позвоночного столба** — метод контрастного исследования сосудистой системы, используется при подозрении на аневризмы, мальформации или другие сосудистые патологии [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/).\n\n## Лечение\nНа основе полученных данных нейрохирург разрабатывает оптимальную тактику лечения [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). Она может включать операцию либо сочетание хирургического и консервативного подходов [1](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/nejrohirurg/). Если операция не требуется, врач может назначить **консервативное лечение** — применение лекарственных препаратов, физиотерапию, реабилитацию [15](https://mc-unitek.ru/services/priyem-neyrokhirurga/).\n\n## Показания к обращению\nКонсультация нейрохирурга необходима при появлении симптомов, указывающих на выраженные нарушения в работе головного мозга, центральной или периферической нервной системы [18](https://www.kb85.ru/services/nejrohirurgiya/konsultacziya-nejrohirurga/). 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