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Приводит к увеличению массы тела и риску развития серьёзных патологий [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/). \n\n**Оценка степени ожирения** проводится с помощью расчёта **индекса массы тела (ИМТ)**: если ИМТ превышает 30 кг/м², это считается ожирением [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/)[13](https://citilab.ru/articles/ozhirenie1/). Норма — 18,5–24,9, показатели свыше 30 указывают на ожирение [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nНекоторые причины ожирения: \n* **Генетическая предрасположенность** — некоторые гены могут определять склонность к накоплению жира и повышенный аппетит [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/). \n* **Образ жизни** — неправильное питание, преобладание высококалорийной пищи, недостаток физической активности [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/). \n* **Психологические и эмоциональные факторы** — стресс, тревога и депрессия могут приводить к эмоциональному перееданию [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/). \n* **Медицинские состояния и лекарства** — некоторые заболевания (гипотиреоз, синдром Иценко-Кушинга, гиперпролактинемия), а также приём определённых лекарств (кортикостероидов, антидепрессантов) [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/).\n\n## Симптомы\nНекоторые симптомы ожирения: \n* увеличение объёмов тела, особенно в области живота, бёдер и груди [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/); \n* затруднённое дыхание даже при незначительных физических нагрузках [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/); \n* быстрая утомляемость и снижение работоспособности [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/); \n* проблемы со сном — может развиваться апноэ (остановки дыхания) [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/). \n\nКлиническая картина может варьироваться в зависимости от степени ожирения, возраста пациента и сопутствующих заболеваний [9](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/lechenie-ozhireniya-priznaki-diagnostika-i-metody-lecheniya/).\n\n## Диагностика\nДля диагностики ожирения используют: \n* **Измерение ИМТ** — основной критерий оценки степени ожирения [13](https://citilab.ru/articles/ozhirenie1/). \n* **Объём талии** — позволяет выявить абдоминальное (висцеральное) ожирение, которое увеличивает риск развития метаболических нарушений [13](https://citilab.ru/articles/ozhirenie1/). \n* **Анализы крови** — определение уровня глюкозы, липидов, гормонов и прочих показателей для выявления сопутствующих нарушений [13](https://citilab.ru/articles/ozhirenie1/). \n* **Инструментальные методы** — при необходимости проводятся дополнительные обследования для исключения вторичных причин ожирения [13](https://citilab.ru/articles/ozhirenie1/).\n\n## Лечение\nЛечение ожирения требует комплексного подхода [1](https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/). Некоторые методы: \n* **Диетотерапия** — коррекция питания, цель — создание негативного энергетического баланса, то есть потребление калорий должно быть меньше, чем расход [17](https://premium-clinic.ru/kakie-metody-lecheniya-ozhireniya-suschestvuyut/). \n* **Физическая активность** — регулярные физические нагрузки способствуют увеличению энергозатрат, ускоряют метаболизм [17](https://premium-clinic.ru/kakie-metody-lecheniya-ozhireniya-suschestvuyut/). \n* **Медикаментозное лечение** — назначается при ИМТ ≥ 30 кг/м² или ≥ 27 кг/м² при наличии осложнений (диабет 2 типа, гипертония, метаболический синдром) [17](https://premium-clinic.ru/kakie-metody-lecheniya-ozhireniya-suschestvuyut/). \n\n**Важно!** Устойчивый результат достигается при интеграции всех методов под наблюдением мультидисциплинарной команды: эндокринолога, диетолога, психолога, терапевта [17](https://premium-clinic.ru/kakie-metody-lecheniya-ozhireniya-suschestvuyut/).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/","shownUrl":"https://aviamed.ru/articles/ozhirenie-prichiny-diagnostika-lechenie/","title":"Причины, симптомы и лечение ожирения: степени, типы, диагностика в ЦАМ","shortUrl":"aviamed.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"aviamed.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://www.mos-clinics.ru/diseases/ozhirenie/","shownUrl":"https://www.mos-clinics.ru/diseases/ozhirenie/","title":"Ожирение: симптомы, диагностика, профилактика и лечение","shortUrl":"mos-clinics.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"mos-clinics.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/ozhirenie/","shownUrl":"https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/ozhirenie/","title":"Ожирение – что это, симптомы, причины и лечение в «СМ-Клиника»","shortUrl":"smclinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"smclinic.ru"},{"sourceId":4,"url":"https://comfort.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/ozhirenie/","shownUrl":"https://comfort.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/ozhirenie/","title":"Ожирение: причины, симптомы и лечение","shortUrl":"comfort.sovamed.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"comfort.sovamed.ru"},{"sourceId":5,"url":"https://www.labstori.ru/book/ozhirenie/","shownUrl":"https://www.labstori.ru/book/ozhirenie/","title":"Ожирение - степени, типы, причины и профилактика | ЛабСтори","shortUrl":"labstori.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"labstori.ru"},{"sourceId":6,"url":"https://www.KrasotaiMedicina.ru/diseases/zabolevanija_endocrinology/obesity","shownUrl":"https://www.KrasotaiMedicina.ru/diseases/zabolevanija_endocrinology/obesity","title":"Ожирение - причины, симптомы, диагностика и лечение","shortUrl":"KrasotaiMedicina.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"KrasotaiMedicina.ru"},{"sourceId":7,"url":"https://medyunion.ru/diseases/ozhirenie/","shownUrl":"https://medyunion.ru/diseases/ozhirenie/","title":"Ожирение - это заболевание, причины, последствия, лечение","shortUrl":"medyunion.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"medyunion.ru"},{"sourceId":8,"url":"https://www.gosmed.ru/lechebnaya-deyatelnost/spravochnik-zabolevaniy/bariatricheskaya-khirurgiya2/ozhirenie/","shownUrl":"https://www.gosmed.ru/lechebnaya-deyatelnost/spravochnik-zabolevaniy/bariatricheskaya-khirurgiya2/ozhirenie/","title":"Ожирение. 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