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В колене два мениска: один — с внутренней стороны (медиальный), другой — с наружной (латеральный) [1](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/razryv_meniska/). Наиболее часто страдает медиальный мениск [1](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/razryv_meniska/). \n\nПри подозрении на разрыв мениска необходимо обратиться к травматологу-ортопеду [3](https://yuzhny.ru/articles/razryv-meniska/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nНекоторые причины разрыва мениска: \n* **Травмы** — резкие повороты и вращения в коленном суставе, чрезмерное сгибание и разгибание колена, удары и падения [6](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases/razryv-meniska/). \n* **Дегенеративно-дистрофические изменения тканей мениска** — с возрастом этот участок становится более хрупким и менее эластичным, что повышает риск разрыва даже при незначительной травме [3](https://yuzhny.ru/articles/razryv-meniska/). \n* **Анатомические особенности**, увеличивающие степень давления на мениски (плоскостопие, варусная или вальгусная деформация нижних конечностей) [3](https://yuzhny.ru/articles/razryv-meniska/).\n\n## Симптомы\nНекоторые симптомы разрыва мениска: \n* боль в колене, усиливающаяся во время активного движения и уменьшающаяся в состоянии покоя [12](https://polyclinika.ru/tech/razryv-meniska-stepeni-simptomy-lechenie/); \n* щелчки и хруст во время движения [12](https://polyclinika.ru/tech/razryv-meniska-stepeni-simptomy-lechenie/); \n* невозможность полностью согнуть или разогнуть колено в суставе [12](https://polyclinika.ru/tech/razryv-meniska-stepeni-simptomy-lechenie/); \n* хромота, нарушение походки, невозможность полностью опереться на ногу [12](https://polyclinika.ru/tech/razryv-meniska-stepeni-simptomy-lechenie/); \n* отёчность, покраснение, увеличение сустава в размерах [12](https://polyclinika.ru/tech/razryv-meniska-stepeni-simptomy-lechenie/).\n\n## Диагностика\nДля диагностики разрыва мениска используют: \n* **Осмотр врача** — травматолог-ортопед оценивает походку, положение больной ноги, степень отёка, объём движений коленного сустава [13](https://mositalmed.ru/stati/povrezhdenie-meniskov/). \n* **Инструментальные исследования** — УЗИ, рентген, КТ или МРТ коленного сустава [13](https://mositalmed.ru/stati/povrezhdenie-meniskov/). \n* **Артроскопию** — инвазивный метод диагностики, особенно необходим при подозрении на разрыв медиального мениска [2](https://orteka.ru/orteka-life/reabilitatsiya/kak-lechit-povrezhdenie-meniska/).\n\n## Лечение\nТактика лечения зависит от вида повреждения, его степени тяжести и наличия сопутствующих симптомов [2](https://orteka.ru/orteka-life/reabilitatsiya/kak-lechit-povrezhdenie-meniska/). Некоторые методы: \n* **Консервативная терапия** — ограничение нагрузки на сустав, приём медикаментов для контроля болевого синдрома и воспаления, физиотерапия [14](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/razryv-meniska/). \n* **Хирургическое вмешательство** — требуется, когда ни один из консервативных методов лечения не дал положительного результата [2](https://orteka.ru/orteka-life/reabilitatsiya/kak-lechit-povrezhdenie-meniska/). В зависимости от степени и вида повреждения могут назначить сшивание мениска, удаление повреждённого мениска (полное или частичное) [2](https://orteka.ru/orteka-life/reabilitatsiya/kak-lechit-povrezhdenie-meniska/). \n\nВремя восстановления зависит от объёма травмы и метода лечения [14](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/razryv-meniska/). В среднем: после резекции — 4–6 недель, после зашивания — от 2 до 4 месяцев [14](https://cmrt.ru/stati/kak-lechit/razryv-meniska/).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/razryv_meniska/","shownUrl":"https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/razryv_meniska/","title":"Разрыв мениска: причины и методы лечения","shortUrl":"fdoctor.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"fdoctor.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://orteka.ru/orteka-life/reabilitatsiya/kak-lechit-povrezhdenie-meniska/","shownUrl":"https://orteka.ru/orteka-life/reabilitatsiya/kak-lechit-povrezhdenie-meniska/","title":"Повреждение мениска коленного сустава: симптомы и лечение | ОРТЕКА","shortUrl":"orteka.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"orteka.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://yuzhny.ru/articles/razryv-meniska/","shownUrl":"https://yuzhny.ru/articles/razryv-meniska/","title":"Разрыв мениска - симптомы, диагностика, лечение","shortUrl":"yuzhny.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"yuzhny.ru"},{"sourceId":4,"url":"https://voronezh.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/razryv-meniska/","shownUrl":"https://voronezh.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/razryv-meniska/","title":"Разрыв мениска: причины, симптомы, признаки, диагностика, лечение","shortUrl":"voronezh.sovamed.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"voronezh.sovamed.ru"},{"sourceId":5,"url":"https://fnkc-fmba.ru/zabolevaniya/razryv-meniska/","shownUrl":"https://fnkc-fmba.ru/zabolevaniya/razryv-meniska/","title":"Разрыв мениска - причины, симптомы, диагностика, лечение","shortUrl":"fnkc-fmba.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"fnkc-fmba.ru"},{"sourceId":6,"url":"https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases/razryv-meniska/","shownUrl":"https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases/razryv-meniska/","title":"Разрыв мениска – симптомы, признаки, степени и лечение заболевания | Клиника «Будь Здоров»","shortUrl":"klinikabudzdorov.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"klinikabudzdorov.ru"},{"sourceId":7,"url":"https://www.OnClinic.ru/razryv-meniska/","shownUrl":"https://www.OnClinic.ru/razryv-meniska/","title":"Разрыв мениска - причины, симптомы, диагностика, лечение и профилактика","shortUrl":"OnClinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"OnClinic.ru"},{"sourceId":8,"url":"https://ProBolezny.ru/razryv-meniska/","shownUrl":"https://ProBolezny.ru/razryv-meniska/","title":"Разрыв мениска (травма мениска): причины, симптомы и лечение в статье ортопеда Сапунков С. 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