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Специалист также занимается профилактикой хронических заболеваний и осложнений, связанных с поражением суставов, костей и мягких тканей [1](https://redstar-hospital.ru/statji/revmatolog/).\n\n## Заболевания\nНекоторые заболевания, которые лечит ревматолог: \n* **Воспалительные формы артрита**: ревматоидный, псориатический, реактивный, анкилозирующий спондилит [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). Сопровождаются отёками, болью и снижением подвижности суставов [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). \n* **Дегенеративные процессы в хряще**: например, остеоартроз [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). Развитие связано с возрастными изменениями, нарушением обмена веществ и хронической перегрузкой суставов [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). \n* **Системные патологии соединительной ткани**: склеродермия, системная красная волчанка, дерматомиозит, синдром Шегрена [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). Эти болезни могут сопровождаться поражением кожи, слизистых, сосудов, внутренних органов [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). \n* **Васкулиты**: заболевания сосудов, при которых нарушается питание тканей [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). \n* **Болезни, связанные с нарушением обмена веществ**: например, подагра (отложение кристаллов мочевой кислоты) [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html). \n* **Остеопороз**: снижение прочности костей, возникающее в результате гормональных изменений, малоподвижного образа жизни или длительного приёма некоторых лекарств [3](https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html).\n\n## Диагностика\nРевматолог назначает комплексное обследование, включающее лабораторные и инструментальные методы [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/). Некоторые исследования: \n* **Рентгенография** — позволяет выявлять признаки воспаления, деформации и разрушения суставной ткани [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/). \n* **Ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ)** — используется для изучения связок, менисков, суставной капсулы и окружающих структур [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/). \n* **Магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ)** — позволяет увидеть изменения в мягких тканях и хрящах, а также в суставных оболочках [11](https://mriyalife.ru/about/blog/revmatolog-eto/). \n* **Компьютерная томография (КТ)** — чаще используется для диагностики более сложных случаев, в том числе для оценки состояния костей и позвоночника при остеопорозе [11](https://mriyalife.ru/about/blog/revmatolog-eto/).\n\n## Лечение\nВыбор лечебной методики зависит от стадии болезни, её характера и индивидуальных особенностей пациента [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/). Некоторые методы лечения: \n* **Медикаментозная терапия** — чаще длительное, иногда пожизненное [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/). Назначают нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты, цитостатики при аутоиммунных заболеваниях, гормональные препараты (глюкокортикостероиды) [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/). \n* **Хирургическое лечение** — применяется для коррекции деформаций и восстановления функций суставов [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/). \n* **Физиотерапия** — важна для реабилитации, снижения мышечного напряжения, увеличения подвижности и укрепления мышечного корсета [9](https://dnk.clinic/blog/detail/revmatolog/).\n\n## Рекомендации по образу жизни\nРевматолог может дать рекомендации по корректировке образа жизни, питания, физической активности [12](https://krastravma.ru/patsientam/poleznaya-informatsiya/sovety-spetsialistov/495-kak-podderzhivat-sustavy-v-zdorovom-sostoyanii-sovety-revmatologa). Например, рекомендовать: \n* **Регулярную физическую активность** — умеренные нагрузки, такие как плавание, йога или ходьба, помогают поддерживать суставы в хорошем состоянии [1](https://redstar-hospital.ru/statji/revmatolog/). \n* **Правильное питание** — обогащение рациона продуктами, богатыми витаминами и минералами, такими как кальций, витамин D и омега-3 жирные кислоты [1](https://redstar-hospital.ru/statji/revmatolog/). \n* **Поддержание нормального веса** — лишний вес увеличивает нагрузку на суставы, особенно на колени и бёдра [1](https://redstar-hospital.ru/statji/revmatolog/).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://redstar-hospital.ru/statji/revmatolog/","shownUrl":"https://redstar-hospital.ru/statji/revmatolog/","title":"Ревматолог: когда и зачем обращаться к специалисту","shortUrl":"redstar-hospital.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"redstar-hospital.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://medscannet.ru/napravleniya/revmatolog/","shownUrl":"https://medscannet.ru/napravleniya/revmatolog/","title":"Ревматолог – цена в Москве, запись на прием и консультацию к врачу ревматологу в Медскан","shortUrl":"medscannet.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"medscannet.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html","shownUrl":"https://doct.ru/articles/revmatolog.html","title":"Ревматолог: кто такой, что лечит и с какими симптомами нужно обращаться","shortUrl":"doct.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"doct.ru"},{"sourceId":4,"url":"https://medlineservice.ru/articles/revmatolog/","shownUrl":"https://medlineservice.ru/articles/revmatolog/","title":"Ревматолог: что это за врач, что лечит и когда стоит обращаться","shortUrl":"medlineservice.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"medlineservice.ru"},{"sourceId":5,"url":"https://vivoclinic.ru/articles/chto-lechit-revmatolog-i-s-kakimi-simptomami-stoit-k-nemu-obratitsja/","shownUrl":"https://vivoclinic.ru/articles/chto-lechit-revmatolog-i-s-kakimi-simptomami-stoit-k-nemu-obratitsja/","title":"Что лечит ревматолог и с какими симптомами стоит к нему обратиться?","shortUrl":"vivoclinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"vivoclinic.ru"},{"sourceId":6,"url":"https://www.OnClinic.ru/konsultatsiya-revmatologa/","shownUrl":"https://www.OnClinic.ru/konsultatsiya-revmatologa/","title":"Консультация врача ревматолога в Москве - 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