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Вызывает воспаление слизистой оболочки кишечника (гастроэнтерит), что приводит к нарушению всасывания воды и питательных веществ, что провоцирует обезвоживание и интоксикацию [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija). \n\n**Возбудитель** — ротавирус из семейства Reoviridae [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[3](https://medeste.ru/articles/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya/). Название связано с формой: rota — «колесо» на латыни [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[2](https://vitaexpress.ru/articles/rotavirusnaya-infekciya/). \n\n**Чаще всего** болезнь встречается у детей до 5 лет, но заразиться могут и взрослые, особенно в семье с больным ребёнком или во время путешествий [3](https://medeste.ru/articles/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\n**Основной путь передачи** — фекально-оральный: вирус попадает в организм с заражённой пищей, водой или через грязные руки [3](https://medeste.ru/articles/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya/). \n\n**Некоторые пути заражения**: \n* контактно-бытовой — через грязные руки, игрушки, предметы быта [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/); \n* алиментарный (через пищу) — употребление заражённой воды и продуктов [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/); \n* воздушно-капельный — при контакте с больным человеком [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/). \n\n**Инкубационный период** — от 12 часов до 2 суток (время между заражением и появлением первых симптомов) [3](https://medeste.ru/articles/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya/).\n\n## Симптомы\n**Некоторые проявления ротавирусной инфекции**: \n* внезапное повышение температуры (иногда выше 39 градусов) [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija); \n* тошнота и многократная рвота [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija); \n* водянистая диарея до 10–15 раз в сутки [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija); \n* боль в животе, урчание, вздутие [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija); \n* слабость, головная боль, потеря аппетита [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija); \n* у детей возможны признаки ОРВИ — насморк, кашель, покраснение горла [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/)[4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija). \n\n**В среднем** болезнь продолжается 3–7 дней, при тяжёлом течении — дольше, особенно у маленьких детей [4](https://yandex.ru/medicine/disease/rotavirusnaja-infektsija).\n\n## Диагностика\n**Диагноз ротавирусной инфекции ставится на основании клинической картины и лабораторных исследований** [1](https://www.synex.ru/blog/rotavirusnaya-infektsiya-chto-eto-simptomy-i-lechenie/). Некоторые методы: \n* анализ кала на наличие антигенов ротавируса [2](https://vitaexpress.ru/articles/rotavirusnaya-infekciya/); \n* кровь из вены для оценки уровня обезвоживания и общего состояния организма [2](https://vitaexpress.ru/articles/rotavirusnaya-infekciya/).\n\n## Лечение\n**Специфическое лечение**, направленное на уничтожение вируса, **не разработано** [8](https://www.fdoctor.ru/bolezn/rotavirusnaya_infektsiya/). 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