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Изначально возникает боковое искривление (вправо или влево), но по мере развития болезни появляются деформации в других плоскостях, отмечается скручивание позвоночника по вертикальной оси [1](https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/doctor/ortoped-travmatolog/uslugi/lechenie-skolioza)[3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). \n\n**Степени сколиоза** в зависимости от угла искривления позвоночника [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz): \n* **1 степень** — угол искривления менее 10 градусов, как правило, не вызывает заметных внешних симптомов [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz); \n* **2 степень** — угол искривления от 10 до 25 градусов, возможны изменения осанки, например, талия может быть несимметричной [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz); \n* **3 степень** — угол искривления от 25 до 50 градусов, кроме изменения осанки также могут наблюдаться боли в спине [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz); \n* **4 степень** — угол более 50 градусов, серьёзные нарушения здоровья [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz).\n\n\n\n## Причины\n**Точная причина развития сколиоза неизвестна** [7](https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz). Считается, что заболевание развивается под воздействием комплекса факторов: это могут быть наследственные изменения и внешние условия [7](https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz). Некоторые причины: \n* врождённые аномалии в строении позвоночника (нарушения во внутриутробном развитии позвонков, дисплазия соединительной ткани) [7](https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz); \n* миопатии и другие заболевания, связанные со снижением тонуса мышц и связочного аппарата [7](https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz); \n* генетические нарушения [7](https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz); \n* травмы, переломы позвоночника, проведённые хирургические вмешательства [7](https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz).\n\n## Симптомы\n**Признаки сколиоза различаются в зависимости от степени искривления** [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). Заболевание может протекать и бессимптомно [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). При прогрессировании заболевания наблюдаются [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz): \n* изменения осанки, разная высота плеч, смещение шеи в сторону [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz); \n* боли в спине, которые могут быть постоянными или появляться время от времени [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz); \n* головная боль и головокружение [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz).\n\n## Диагностика\n**Диагностика сколиоза включает** [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz): \n* осмотр ортопедом, который определит искривление позвоночника [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz); \n* рентгенографию позвоночника, чтобы установить степень искривления и оценить состояние позвонков [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz); \n* компьютерную и магнитно-резонансную томографию — для более детального изучения различных отделов позвоночника [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz).\n\n## Лечение\n**Лечение зависит от вида сколиоза, степени искривления позвоночника и возраста пациента** [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). Некоторые методы: \n* **Медикаментозная терапия** — обычно не применяется, так как не способна исправить искривлённый позвоночник [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). Однако могут быть назначены обезболивающие препараты для снятия сильной боли и миорелаксанты, расслабляющие мышцы [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). \n* **Физиотерапия и массаж** — помогают укрепить мышцы спины, улучшить местный кровоток и уменьшить боль [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). \n* **Занятия лечебной гимнастикой** — увеличивают подвижность суставов, гибкость связок и мышечную силу, стимулируют тканевый метаболизм и кровообращение [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz). \n\n**Лечением сколиоза занимается врач-ортопед** [3](https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/doctor/ortoped-travmatolog/uslugi/lechenie-skolioza","shownUrl":"https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/doctor/ortoped-travmatolog/uslugi/lechenie-skolioza","title":"Лечение и диагностика сколиоза: методы, способы, виды, схемы, особенности","shortUrl":"smclinic-spb.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"smclinic-spb.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://volgograd.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/lechenie-skolioza/","shownUrl":"https://volgograd.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/lechenie-skolioza/","title":"Лечение сколиоза: причины, симптомы, признаки, диагностика, лечение","shortUrl":"volgograd.sovamed.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"volgograd.sovamed.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz","shownUrl":"https://bogolubov.center/about/news/articles/skolioz","title":"Сколиоз – Классификация, причины, симптомы, диагностика и лечение","shortUrl":"bogolubov.center","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"bogolubov.center"},{"sourceId":4,"url":"https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/skolioz/","shownUrl":"https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/skolioz/","title":"Сколиоз – симптомы, причины, признаки, диагностика и лечение в «СМ-Клиника»","shortUrl":"smclinic.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"smclinic.ru"},{"sourceId":5,"url":"https://Megapteka.ru/specials/kak-lechit-skolioz-2982","shownUrl":"https://Megapteka.ru/specials/kak-lechit-skolioz-2982","title":"Как лечить сколиоз позвоночника: 1, 2 степени, профилактика, диагностика","shortUrl":"Megapteka.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"Megapteka.ru"},{"sourceId":6,"url":"https://www.invitro.ru/library/bolezni/24090/","shownUrl":"https://www.invitro.ru/library/bolezni/24090/","title":"Сколиоз","shortUrl":"invitro.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"invitro.ru"},{"sourceId":7,"url":"https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz","shownUrl":"https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/terapiya/ckolioz","title":"Сколиоз: симптомы, стадии, виды, лечение, профилактика, коды МКБ-10, как лечить сколиоз","shortUrl":"VIDAL.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"VIDAL.ru"},{"sourceId":8,"url":"https://gemotest.ru/info/spravochnik/zabolevaniya/skolioz/","shownUrl":"https://gemotest.ru/info/spravochnik/zabolevaniya/skolioz/","title":"Сколиоз - 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