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Также заболевание называют варикозным расширением вен семенного канатика и варикозом мошонки [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele). \n\n**Опасность**: варикоцеле может привести к нарушению процесса созревания сперматозоидов и развитию мужского бесплодия [3](https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/zabolevaniya/varikocele).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nНекоторые причины варикоцеле: \n* **Слабость венозной стенки** (стенки сосудов недостаточно плотные или эластичные) [7](https://voronezh.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/varikotsele/)[8](https://gemotest.ru/info/spravochnik/zabolevaniya/varikotsele/). \n* **Недостаточность венозных клапанов** — кровь течёт в обратном направлении, что провоцирует расширение вен [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele)[3](https://www.smclinic-spb.ru/zabolevaniya/varikocele). \n* **Сдавление вен извне объёмными образованиями** (крупные опухоли, кисты, увеличенные лимфоузлы) — пережимают вены, нарушая отток крови [7](https://voronezh.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/varikotsele/). \n* **Аномальное расположение сосудов** — врождённые особенности анатомии вен, которые затрудняют венозный отток [7](https://voronezh.sovamed.ru/zabolevaniya/varikotsele/).\n\n## Симптомы\nУ некоторых пациентов болезнь протекает бессимптомно и обнаруживается случайно при профилактическом осмотре [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele). Однако в других случаях появляются характерные признаки [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele): \n* **Чувство тяжести в области мошонки** — усиливается после физической нагрузки или длительного стояния [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele). \n* **Ноющая боль** — боль в мошонке, как правило, носит тупой характер и может усиливаться в конце дня [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele). \n* **Увеличение размеров или асимметрия мошонки** — на более поздних стадиях заметно выпячивание вен или увеличение одной из половин мошонки [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele). \n* **Дискомфорт при движении** — некоторые пациенты испытывают неприятные ощущения при ходьбе, что ограничивает повседневную активность [1](https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele).\n\n## Диагностика\nТочный диагноз может поставить только врач-уролог [10](https://mc21.ru/articles/varikotsele/). Некоторые методы диагностики: \n* **Ультразвуковое исследование мошонки** — позволяет выявить варикоз и определить диаметр изменённых сосудов [10](https://mc21.ru/articles/varikotsele/). \n* **Допплерография** — визуализирует вены и определяет направление потока крови [10](https://mc21.ru/articles/varikotsele/). \n* **Спермограмма** — позволяет определить влияние варикоцеле на способность к зачатию [10](https://mc21.ru/articles/varikotsele/).\n\n## Лечение\n**Консервативное лечение** — подходит на ранних стадиях или когда операция пока не нужна [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/). Цель — облегчить симптомы и замедлить прогресс болезни [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/). Врач может назначить: \n* венотоники — препараты, которые укрепляют вены и улучшают кровоток [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/); \n* нестероидные противовоспалительные средства для снижения боли и воспаления [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/); \n* специальный бандаж, чтобы снизить нагрузку на поражённую область [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/); \n* коррекцию образа жизни: уменьшение тяжёлых нагрузок, борьбу с лишним весом, отказ от вредных привычек [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/); \n* физиотерапию, которая помогает улучшить микроциркуляцию и восстановить ткани [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/). \n\n**Хирургическое лечение** — когда варикоцеле проявляется выраженными симптомами, негативно сказывается на репродуктивной функции или приводит к уменьшению яичка [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/). Некоторые методы: \n* **Микрохирургическая варикоцелэктомия** — аккуратная перевязка расширенных вен, при этом максимально сохраняя окружающие важные сосуды и нервные окончания [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/). \n* **Лапароскопия** — малоинвазивная техника, при которой операция проводится через небольшие проколы в брюшной стенке [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/). \n* **Эмболизация вен** — в просвет расширенных вен вводятся специальные спирали, которые блокируют нежелательный обратный ток крови [14](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-varikotsele-stadii-i-varianty-lecheniya-zabolevaniya/).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele","shownUrl":"https://stolichki.ru/clubs/health/about_diseases/varikocele","title":"Варикоцеле: причины, симптомы, степени, лечение у мужчин","shortUrl":"stolichki.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"stolichki.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/urologia/varikocele","shownUrl":"https://www.VIDAL.ru/encyclopedia/urologia/varikocele","title":"Варикоцеле - 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