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Это приводит к деформациям скелета, задержке роста и развития ребёнка [2](https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/rakhit/). Чаще всего рахит встречается у детей в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 3 лет [2](https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/rakhit/). \n\nПри подозрении на заболевание необходимо обратиться к педиатру, эндокринологу и ортопеду [3](https://citilab.ru/articles/rakhit-simptomy-lechenie-profilaktika/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nОсновная причина — **дефицит витамина D** [2](https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/rakhit/)[8](https://mc21.ru/articles/rakhit-u-detey/). Это может быть обусловлено: \n* **Недостаточным поступлением витамина D с пищей** (актуально для детей на грудном вскармливании, поскольку содержание витамина D в грудном молоке низкое) [8](https://mc21.ru/articles/rakhit-u-detey/). \n* **Недостаточным синтезом витамина в коже под действием солнечных лучей** (особенно значимо для детей, проживающих в северных широтах, имеющих тёмную кожу или находящихся на закрытом вскармливании) [8](https://mc21.ru/articles/rakhit-u-detey/). \n* **Нарушением всасывания или усваивания витамина D** (например, при целиакии, воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника, муковисцидозе, патологии печени и почек) [2](https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/rakhit/).\n\n## Симптомы\nНекоторые признаки рахита: \n* **Деформации скелета**: утолщения лодыжек, запястий, коленей, искривление ног или позвоночного столба (кифоз или сколиоз) [9](https://doct.ru/children/diseases/rakhit.html). \n* **Снижение мышечного тонуса**: устойчивая мышечная слабость, большой отвисающий живот («лягушачий»), рахитический горб [9](https://doct.ru/children/diseases/rakhit.html). \n* **Проблемы с зубами**: позднее прорезывание зубов, дефекты эмали, увеличение риска кариозного поражения [9](https://doct.ru/children/diseases/rakhit.html). \n* **Хрупкость костей**: из-за прогрессирования болезни скелет слабеет, кости подвергаются переломам [9](https://doct.ru/children/diseases/rakhit.html). \n* **Болезненные ощущения в мышцах и костях** [9](https://doct.ru/children/diseases/rakhit.html).\n\n## Диагностика\nДиагностика рахита включает: \n* **Физический осмотр** ребёнка для выявления характерных признаков [12](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases-child/rahit-u-detey/). \n* **Сбор анамнеза** и беседу с родителями для выяснения сведений о питании ребёнка, его образе жизни, наличии заболеваний или факторов риска [12](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases-child/rahit-u-detey/). \n* **Лабораторные анализы крови** для проверки уровня витамина D, кальция, фосфора и других маркеров метаболизма костей [12](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases-child/rahit-u-detey/). \n* **Рентгенографию скелета** — помогает выявить деформации опорно-двигательного аппарата, ослабление минеральной плотности костной ткани и другие изменения, характерные для рахита [12](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases-child/rahit-u-detey/).\n\n## Лечение\nЛечение рахита должно быть комплексным и назначаться индивидуально для каждого ребёнка в зависимости от степени тяжести заболевания, возраста, сопутствующих состояний и других факторов [12](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases-child/rahit-u-detey/). Некоторые методы лечения: \n* **Приём витамина D** в лечебных дозах в зависимости от степени тяжести заболевания [15](https://www.invitro.ru/library/bolezni/28330/). После окончания основного курса витамин D назначается в профилактической дозе [15](https://www.invitro.ru/library/bolezni/28330/). \n* **Физиотерапия и физическая реабилитация** для коррекции деформаций скелета и улучшения мышечного тонуса (индивидуально назначается комплекс упражнений или аппаратные процедуры) [12](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases-child/rahit-u-detey/). \n* **Регулярное наблюдение и контроль уровня витамина D, кальция и фосфора в крови** — это позволяет оценивать эффективность проводимой терапии и корректировать дозы принимаемых препаратов [12](https://klinikabudzdorov.ru/diseases-child/rahit-u-detey/).","linksData":[{"sourceId":1,"url":"https://uteka.ru/articles/bolezni/rakhit/","shownUrl":"https://uteka.ru/articles/bolezni/rakhit/","title":"Рахит: у детей, симптомы, витамины, признаки рахита","shortUrl":"uteka.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"uteka.ru"},{"sourceId":2,"url":"https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/rakhit/","shownUrl":"https://www.Renewal.ru/voprosy-zdorovya/rakhit/","title":"Рахит - симптомы, диагностика, лечение в нашей статье от RENEWAL","shortUrl":"Renewal.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"Renewal.ru"},{"sourceId":3,"url":"https://citilab.ru/articles/rakhit-simptomy-lechenie-profilaktika/","shownUrl":"https://citilab.ru/articles/rakhit-simptomy-lechenie-profilaktika/","title":"Рахит: что это, симптомы, признаки, лечение детей","shortUrl":"citilab.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"citilab.ru"},{"sourceId":4,"url":"https://www.medicina.ru/patsientam/zabolevanija/rahit/","shownUrl":"https://www.medicina.ru/patsientam/zabolevanija/rahit/","title":"Рахит у детей: симптомы, лечение, профилактика","shortUrl":"medicina.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"medicina.ru"},{"sourceId":5,"url":"https://www.Huggies.ru/library/uhod-za-mladentsem/zdorovie-malysha/rakhit-u-detey","shownUrl":"https://www.Huggies.ru/library/uhod-za-mladentsem/zdorovie-malysha/rakhit-u-detey","title":"Рахит у детей: симптомы, причины, лечение и профилактика | статьи от Huggies","shortUrl":"Huggies.ru","isTranslated":false,"description":"","greenUrl":"Huggies.ru"},{"sourceId":6,"url":"https://ProBolezny.ru/rahit/","shownUrl":"https://ProBolezny.ru/rahit/","title":"Рахит: причины, симптомы и лечение в статье педиатра Федотова Н. 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